New iPhone 15 Pro - Developer mode enabled, every app launch gets cancelled

Dear Community,

I have paired a new iPhone 15 Pro with XCode, enabled Developer Mode, and have tried launching multiple applications on it. No matter what I run, the application quits immediately and I always get the same error:

The request to open "BUNDLE_ID" failed.
Domain: IDELaunchCoreDevice
Code: 0
User Info: {
    DVTErrorCreationDateKey = "2024-04-07 00:07:20 +0000";
    IDERunOperationFailingWorker = IDELaunchCoreDeviceWorker;
}
--
The request to open "BUNDLE_ID" failed.
Domain: IDELaunchCoreDevice
Code: 0
User Info: {
    IDERunOperationFailingWorker = IDELaunchCoreDeviceWorker;
}
--
The application failed to launch.
Domain: com.apple.dt.CoreDeviceError
Code: 10002
User Info: {
    BundleIdentifier = "BUNDLE_ID";
}
--
The request to open "BUNDLE_ID" failed.
Domain: FBSOpenApplicationServiceErrorDomain
Code: 1
Failure Reason: The request was denied by service delegate (SBMainWorkspace).
User Info: {
    BSErrorCodeDescription = RequestDenied;
    FBSOpenApplicationRequestID = 0x5841;
}
--
The operation couldn’t be completed. The process failed to launch.
Domain: FBProcessExit
Code: 64
Failure Reason: The process failed to launch.
User Info: {
    BSErrorCodeDescription = "launch-failed";
}
--
The operation couldn’t be completed. Launch failed.
Domain: RBSRequestErrorDomain
Code: 5
Failure Reason: Launch failed.
--
Launchd job spawn failed
Domain: NSPOSIXErrorDomain
Code: 85
Failure Reason: Bad executable (or shared library)
--

Event Metadata: com.apple.dt.IDERunOperationWorkerFinished : {
    "device_isCoreDevice" = 1;
    "device_model" = "iPhone16,1";
    "device_osBuild" = "17.4.1 (21E236)";
    "device_platform" = "com.apple.platform.iphoneos";
    "dvt_coredevice_version" = "355.24";
    "dvt_mobiledevice_version" = "1643.100.58";
    "launchSession_schemeCommand" = Run;
    "launchSession_state" = 1;
    "launchSession_targetArch" = arm64;
    "operation_duration_ms" = 802;
    "operation_errorCode" = 0;
    "operation_errorDomain" = IDELaunchCoreDevice;
    "operation_errorWorker" = IDELaunchCoreDeviceWorker;
    "operation_name" = IDERunOperationWorkerGroup;
    "param_debugger_attachToExtensions" = 0;
    "param_debugger_attachToXPC" = 1;
    "param_debugger_type" = 3;
    "param_destination_isProxy" = 0;
    "param_destination_platform" = "com.apple.platform.iphoneos";
    "param_diag_MainThreadChecker_stopOnIssue" = 0;
    "param_diag_MallocStackLogging_enableDuringAttach" = 0;
    "param_diag_MallocStackLogging_enableForXPC" = 1;
    "param_diag_allowLocationSimulation" = 1;
    "param_diag_checker_tpc_enable" = 1;
    "param_diag_gpu_frameCapture_enable" = 0;
    "param_diag_gpu_shaderValidation_enable" = 0;
    "param_diag_gpu_validation_enable" = 0;
    "param_diag_memoryGraphOnResourceException" = 0;
    "param_diag_queueDebugging_enable" = 1;
    "param_diag_runtimeProfile_generate" = 0;
    "param_diag_sanitizer_asan_enable" = 0;
    "param_diag_sanitizer_tsan_enable" = 0;
    "param_diag_sanitizer_tsan_stopOnIssue" = 0;
    "param_diag_sanitizer_ubsan_stopOnIssue" = 0;
    "param_diag_showNonLocalizedStrings" = 0;
    "param_diag_viewDebugging_enabled" = 1;
    "param_diag_viewDebugging_insertDylibOnLaunch" = 1;
    "param_install_style" = 0;
    "param_launcher_UID" = 2;
    "param_launcher_allowDeviceSensorReplayData" = 0;
    "param_launcher_kind" = 0;
    "param_launcher_style" = 99;
    "param_launcher_substyle" = 8192;
    "param_runnable_appExtensionHostRunMode" = 0;
    "param_runnable_productType" = "com.apple.product-type.application";
    "param_structuredConsoleMode" = 1;
    "param_testing_launchedForTesting" = 0;
    "param_testing_suppressSimulatorApp" = 0;
    "param_testing_usingCLI" = 0;
    "sdk_canonicalName" = "iphoneos17.4";
    "sdk_osVersion" = "17.4";
    "sdk_variant" = iphoneos;
}
--


System Information

macOS Version 14.4.1 (Build 23E224)
Xcode 15.3 (22618) (Build 15E204a)
Timestamp: 2024-04-07T02:07:20+02:00

I have tried the usual basics (restart XCode, disable-re-enable dev mode, perform a clean build), but to no avail. What could be going wrong here? I suspect this has to do with the phone or the pairing, since the same applications perfectly work on the Simulator or on my other devices.