Help with enabling developer mode on iPhone 12 Pro, iOS 17.3.1

Hi!

I need a little help here. I want to use my iPhone with Xcode, and I'm building an app that I want to preview on my device. The developer mode in Settings - Privacy and Security - Developer Mode won't enable. I click the switch to the green on, the device prompts me to restart, I restart it and then there is no last pop-up after the restart completes to confirm enabling. The option is also still off in Settings. I have done the process multiple times and still nothing. I have also tried manually enabling it from the Mac but also it fails with error 1. The full output from the Mac is:

Request failed: An unknown error has occured 00008101-0005048E2251003A: Failed to enable Developer Mode (1)

Does anyone know of a way to fix this or any recommendations? I have tried Reset all settings, fiddling with the WiFi, and adjusting Find My iPhone (although I don't think those have anything to do with Developer Mode).

Any help is very appreciated.